U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Remote Sensing and GIS Group, Technical Service Center Mail Code D-8260, POB 25007, Denver CO 80225 1999 Database USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program Wind Cave National Park Denver, CO USGS, Biological Resource Division, Center for Biological Informatics Created under contract to the USGS-BRD-CBI. http://www1.usgs.gov/vip/wica/wicaplot.zip doi:10.5066/F7V122SM Vegetation field plots at Wind Cave NP were visited, described, and documented in a digital database. The database consists of 2 parts - (1) Physical Descriptive Data, and (2) Species Listings. The vegetation plots were used to describe the vegetation in and around Wind Cave National Park and to assist in developing a final mapping classification system. 199706 199708 Field Work Complete not applicable Wind Cave National Park and about a 2 mile which includes private lands and portions of Custer State Park and Black Hills National Forest. -103.531550 -103.367764 43.641504 43.533028 None association alliance land cover land use vegetation National Park Service None Wind Cave Pringle South Dakota National Park Wind Cave National Park None Plants vegetation National Vegetation Classification System U.S. Government; Federal Geographic Data Committee 19971022 document Washington D.C. Federal Geographic Data Committee http://www.fgdc.gov/standards/projects/FGDC-standards-projects/vegetation/index_html Sequence of field test data and observation plots, and CIR photo signature field observations. Refer to complete listing of mapped plant alliances/associations under Supplemental Information above. Kingdom Plantae None Any person using the information presented here should fully understand the data collection and compilation procedures, as described in the metadata, before beginning analysis. The burden for determining fitness for use lies entirely with the user. For purposes of publication or dissemination, citations or credit should be given to the U.S. Geological Survey, and the National Park Service, and the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. USGS BRD Center for Biological Informatics USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program Coordinator mailing and physical address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, MS 302

Denver Colorado 80225 (303) 202-4220 303-202-4219 gs-b-npsveg@usgs.gov http://www1.usgs.gov/vip/wica/wicaplots.pdf Graphic file showing vegetation filed plot locations. Low resolution for web browser - 425 KB file size. PDF BRD-USGS, U.S, BOR, TNC DB4 U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Remote Sensing and GIS Group, Denver, CO and The Nature Conservancy 19980310 Database USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program Wind Cave National Park Denver, CO USGS, Biological Resource Division, Center for Biological Informatics Created under contract to the USGS-BRD-CBI. http://www.usgs.gov/core_science_systems/csas/vip/parks/wica.html USGS/BRD, Center for Biological Informatics 19990430 Database USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program Wind Cave National Park Denver, CO USGS, Biological Resource Division, Center for Biological Informatics This report was prepared by The National Conservancy, Arlington, VA and U.S. Department of Interior Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, CO, under contract from the U.S. Department of Interior Biological Resource Division and National Park Service. http://www1.usgs.gov/vip/wica/wicarpt.pdf Physical description - Descriptive plot data were collected for 69 sites whose vegetation represents a full spectrum of alliance types present within Wind Cave National Park and its immediate surroundings. Attributes collected for each site include: a unique plot identification code, park name, quad name, UTM coordinates, UTM projection, plot survey date, surveyor's name, length, width, photo type, elevation, slope aspect, topographic position, landform, surface geology, Cowardin System category, hydrology, surface material description, soil texture, soil drainage, leaf phenology, leaf type, and physiognomy. Species - Descriptive plot data were collected for 69 sites whose vegetation represents a full spectrum of alliance types present within Wind Cave National Park and its immediate surroundings. This database which is the second of two databases containing plot field data, delineates species. Individual species described at each of 69 plots is listed, one line per species, with the following information: Plot Identification Code, Species Name, Species Cover ( 0=trace, 1=< 1%, 2=1-5%, 3=5-25%, 4=25-50%, 5=50-75%, 6=75-100%), Plantcode (first 2 letters of genus+first 2 letters of spp.), and Plant Strata (T, S, H, v.s, and no entry). Physical description - Entries for each of the listed attributes are in the form of consistent groupings of either textual or numerical descriptors. Species - Entries for each of the listed attributes are in the form of consistent groupings of either textual or numerical descriptors as described under 2.1.1: attribute accuracy report. NOTE1: The significance of numbers appended to some of the Plant Codes is not known. NOTE2: entries under Plant Strata were not clearly defined on the original field forms. It is assumed that T=tree, S=shrub, and H=herbaceous. It is also assumed that numbers represent canopy levels (starting with 1 as tallest), v.s. = very short. Plant strata entries in this database are not always consistent with these assumed labeling conventions. Descriptive entries for each of the 69 plots are complete for each of the applicable attributes listed in the database. X,Y UTM coordinates representing each of the 69 plots were collected by P-code PLGR (Precise Lightweight GPS Receiver) receivers, with an accuracy ranging from +/- 10 m. to +/- 30 m. based on 60 second averaging at each point. Not applicable Field and Remote Sensing None photo-interpretation Field Methods for Vegetation Mapping ground truth reconnaissance gradsect observation plot photo signatures ground verification stereoscope Field sampling using releve plots USGS,BRD,Center for Biological Informatics 19960405 report Denver, CO USGS, BRD, Center for Biological Informatics This report was generated by the Nature Conservancy under contract to the USGS, BRD, CBI. http://www1.usgs.gov/vip/wica/wicarpt.pdf Online 199510 Ground Condition WICA sample and classification Report summarizing plot data collection effort US Dept of Interior National Biological Survey(Now USGS/Biological Resources Division) and National Park Service 199411 Final Draft report Denver, CO USGS/BRD/Center for Biological Informatics Report prepared under contract by The Nature Conservancy, 1815 N. Lynn Street, Arlington, Virginia 22209 and Environmental Systems Research Institute, 380 New York street, Redlands, California 92373 http://www.fgdc.gov/standards/projects/FGDC-standards-projects/vegetation/NVCS_V2_FINAL_2008-02.pdf Online 199411 2010 Publication Date and indefinitely SNVCS protocol document Report prepared under contract by The Nature Conservancy, 1815 N. Lynn Street, Arlington, VA and the Environmental Systems Research Institute, 380 New York Street, Redlands, CA 92373. Describes the structure, content, and origins of the Standard National Vegetation Classification System, and it describes the process by which the system is to be applied to changing requirements. USGS, BRD, Center for Biological Informatics 19960405 report USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program Park Vegetation Descriptions Wind Cave National Park Denver, CO USGS, BRD, Center for Biological Informatics This report was generated by the Nature Conservancy under contract to the USGS, BRD, CBI. http://www1.usgs.gov/vip/wica/wicarpt.pdf Online 19960405 Publication Date WICA Veg Descriptions This document describes and defines the vegetation classification system which is to be used for describing and mapping the vegetation at Wind Cave National Park United States Department of Interior, National Biological Survey (now USGS Biological Resources Division) and the National Park Service 199412 document Denver, CO USGS, Biological Resources Division, Center for Biological Informatics This report was generated by the Nature Conservancy under contract to the USGS, BRD, CBI. http://www1.usgs.gov/vip/standards/fieldmethodsrpt.pdf Online 199412 2010 Publication Date and indefinitely field methods protocol document This document defines the methods and protocols for field data collection to be used as part of the USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program. The following describes the tasks performed by The Nature Conservancy to produce descriptive data for 69 vegetation sampling plots in two separate database tables. Physical description - The first of the two tables contains general descriptive information at each of the plots. Plot sites were selected by information obtained during a reconnaissance visit to the park in April of 1995, and by examining tone and textural patterns on the WICA AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS. Site physical parameters, species types, and vegetation strata were described at each site. Plot data were manually recorded on field forms on-site, and subsequently keyed into the database files described herein. Information in the plot database was then used to develop the classification system and plant identification keys contained in the TNC WICA SAMPLING AND CLASSIFICATION REPORT. Species - The second of the two tables contains listings of individual species found in each plot, along with height and cover estimates, and strata delineations. The SPECIES LISTING database contains line entries for each species including the Plot Code, Numeric species code, full scientific species name, cover estimate, a unique alphnumeric species identifier (plant code), and Plant Strata delineation. Plot sites were selected subjectively because of the heterogeneity of the vegetation and the small number of samples per type. Since aerial photos were not available at the time of plot selection, visual reconnaissance was conducted at the summit of the bluff to examine vegetation patterns for determining plot placement. Plot data were manually recorded on field forms on-site, and subsequently keyed into the database files described herein. Information in the plot database was then used to develop the classification system and plant identification keys contained in the WIND CAVE SAMPLING AND CLASSIFICATION REPORT. wica Aerial Photos SNVCS protocol document Field Methods for Vegetation Mapping 19960405 wica sample and classification wica Veg Descriptions The Nature Conservancy Dennis Grossman Chief Ecologist, The Nature Conservancy Physical Address

1815 Lynn Street

Arlington VA 22209 USA (703) 841-5305 dgrossman@tnc.org Vector Entity point 63 Universal Transverse Mercator 13 0.999600 -105.000000 0.000000 500000.000000 0.000000 coordinate pair 1 1 meters North American Datum of 1983 Geodedic Reference System 80 6378137.000000 298.257222 wicaplot Shapefile attribute table BOR FID Internal feature number. ESRI Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Shape Feature geometry. ESRI. Coordinates defining the features. AREA Area of feature in internal units squared. ESRI. Area is always zero for point coverages. Values are automatically generated. PERIMETER Perimeter of feature in internal units. ESRI. Perimeter is always zero for point coverages. Values are automatically generated. PLOT_ Internal feature number. ESRI. Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. PLOT_ID User-defined feature number. ESRI. Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. X_COORD X coordinate of site location. BOR Easting coordinate. Y_COORD Y coordinate of site location. BOR Northing coordinate. POLYGONID Unknown field created by originator but not documented. BOR Numerical. SCALE Unknown field created by originator but not documented. BOR Numerical. ANGLE Unknown field created by originator but not documented. BOR Numerical. Each of 69 vegetation mapping plot sites contains the attributes of species found. Physical Description - General plot information is described by identification codes, locational information (including state, park name, and USGS 7 1/2' topographic quad name). Physical factors tabulated in the database include UTM_X, UTM_Y, UTM Zone, map projection, survey date, name of surveyors, plot lenght and width, type of photos used, plot elevation, slope aspect, topographic position, landform type, surface geology, Cowardin system descriptor, hydrology, rock size, surface material type, soil texture and drainage, leaf phenology, leaf type, and physiognomy. Species - (sp_code is a project specific code for each species found, species is the scientific name for that species, spcover is the species present and the percent cover for each species, plant code is the first two letters of the genus and first two letters of the species. If the code are not unique a number is added to make the code unique). This includes strata cover which is an average percent cover of that particular species, 1 = 0-10%, 2 = 10-25%, 3 = 25-60% and 4 = 60-100%, pstrata is the type of vegetation, T1 = emergent, T2 = canopy, T3 = sub-canopy, S1 = tall shrub, S2 = short shrub, H = herbaceous, N = non-vascular, V = vine/liana, and E = epiphyte). Wind Cave National Park, USGS/NPS Vegetation Mapping Program, Technical Memorandum No. 8260-99-03, USBR USGS/CSS/Core Science Analytics and Synthesis USGS-NPS Vegetation Characterization Program Coordinator mailing and physical address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, MS 302

Denver Colorado 80225 (303) 202-4220 303-202-4219 gs-b-npsveg@usgs.gov Downloadable Data. WICA Plots data; Physical Descriptive Data and Species Listing Data. The U.S. Geological Survey and the National Park Service shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. These data and related graphics (if available) are not legal documents and are not intended to be used as such. The information contained in these data is dynamic and may change over time. The data are not better than the original sources from which they were derived. It is the responsibility of the data user to use the data appropriately and consistent within the limitations of geospatial data in general and these data in particular. Any related graphics (if available) are intended to aid the data user in acquiring relevant data; it is not approriate to use the related graphics as data. The U.S. Geological Survey and the National Park Service gives no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of these data. It is strongly recommended that these data are directly acquired from an U.S. Geological Survey and National Park Service servers and not indirectly through other sources which may have changed the data in some way. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the utility of the data on another system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. This disclaimer applies both to individual use of the data and aggregate use with other data. It is also strongly recommended that careful attention be paid to the contents of the metadata file associated with these data. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this metadata report does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the U. S. Department of the Interior, U. S. Geological Survey and National Park Service. HTML http://www.usgs.gov/core_science_systems/csas/vip/parks/wica.html Internet Access None 20011022 20100621 USGS/CSS/Core Science Analytics and Synthesis USGS-NPS Vegetation Characterization Program Coordinator mailing and physical address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, MS 302

Denver Colorado 80225 (303) 202-4220 303-202-4219 gs-b-npsveg@usgs.gov FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001.1-1999 http://www.usgs.gov/core_science_systems/csas/metadata/index.html