Remote Sensing and GIS Group, Technical Service Center, US Bureau of Reclamation, Mail Code D-8260, POB 25007, Denver CO 80225 2000 Table USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program Theodore Roosevelt National Park Denver, CO USGS-BRD Created under contract to the USGS-BRD-CBI http://www1.usgs.gov/vip/thro/throaa.zip doi:10.5066/F79C6VCR This metadata is for the accuracy assessment data associated with the vegetation land cover and land use geospatial database for Theodore Roosevelt National Park and surrounding areas. The project is authorized as part of the USGS/NPS Vegetation Mapping Program http://www.usgs.gov/core_science_systems/csas/vip/index.html. The program is being administered by the Biological Resources Division (BRD) of the United States Geological Survey (USGS). The USGS/BRD is responsible for overall management and oversight of all ongoing mapping efforts. This mapping effort was performed by the US Bureau of Reclamation's (USBR) Remote Sensing and GIS Group, Technical Service Center, Denver, CO. The vegetation mapping program is part of a larger Inventory and Monitoring (I&M) program started by the National Park Service (NPS). Their website is: http://science.nature.nps.gov/im/. The purposes of the mapping effort are varied and include the following: Provides support for NPS Resources Management; Promotes vegetation-related research for both NPS and USGS/BRD; Provides support for NPS Planning and Compliance; Adds to the information base for NPS Interpretation; and Assists in NPS Operations. The NPS I&M goals are, among others, to map the vegetation of all national parks and monuments and provide a baseline inventory of vegetation. 1998 From the USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program Theodore Roosevelt National Park, North Dakota Procedure Report, March 7, 2000. See: http://www1.usgs.gov/vip/thro/throrpt.pdf Complete None Planned Theodore Roosevelt NP and surrounding environs -103.633318 -103.256992 47.631152 46.887430 None Land cover Land use Vegetation National Park Service Accuracy Assessment None North Dakota Theodore Roosevelt National Park Little Missouri River Little Missouri National Grasslands Elkhorn Ranch Medora none vegetation plants National Vegetation Classification System Anderson, et al 1976 document Geological Survey Professional Paper No. 964 Washington, DC US GPO This project used the Level II Land Use Classes http://www.fgdc.gov/standards/projects/FGDC-standards-projects/vegetation/NVCS_V2_FINAL_2008-02.pdf Sequence of field test data plots, observation plots, and photo-signature observations. Refer to complete listing of mapped plant alliances/associations under Supplemental Information above. Kingdom Plantae None Acknowledgment of the USGS/BRD, National Park Service, and the USBR/RSGIS Group would be appreciated in products derived from these data. Any person using the information presented here should fully understand the data collection and compilation procedures, as described in the metadata, before beginning analysis. The burden for determining fitness for use lies entirely with the user. USGS BRD Center for Biological Informatics USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program Coordinator mailing and physical address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, MS 302

Denver Colorado 80225 (303) 202-4220 303-202-4219 gs-b-npsveg@usgs.gov http://www1.usgs.gov/vip/thro/throaa.pdf 321 Kbyte PDF Dan Cogan, Doug Crawford, Jean Pennell, Trudy Meyer, Jim Von Loh of Theodore Roosevelt NP, NPS UNIX-ARC/INFO Overall, initial accuracy of the vegetation map is 74.3% for all vegetation classes and the Kappa Index is 71.3%. Results for each vegetation class are discussed here, and recommendations are made relative to creating a more accurate vegetation map, as desired. The specific results are presented in Tables 4-2 and 4-3 below. Confidence interval calculations are presented in Appendix O. In general, the percentage of the Park that an individual map class covered is reflected in the number of AA points collected for that type. For example, needle-and-thread herbaceous alliance was interpreted for approximately 33% of the Park and is represented by 28% of the AA points, and the badlands sparse vegetation complex was interpreted for approximately 20% of the Park and is represented by 14% of the AA points. Similarly, the prairie dog town complex was interpreted for approximately 2% of the Park and is represented by 1.7% of the AA points. However, several map classes are sampled with a larger number of AA points relative to their actual percent abundance/ground cover. For example: the silver buffaloberry shrubland alliance covers 0.1 % of the park and is represented by 2.6% of the AA points; the little bluestem - sideoats grama herbaceous alliance covers 0.3 % and is represented by 3.5% of the AA points; and the prairie sandreed herbaceous alliance covers 0.2 % and is represented by 2.3% of the AA points. Four map classes were not sampled as follows: the ponderosa pine woodland alliance does not occur within Park boundaries and is well-represented by plot and observation data; the quaking aspen woodland alliance has a plot and/or observation form for every stand known to occur in the Park and no additional stands were observed; the emergent wetland class is too small to be interpreted on aerial photos and has an observation form for every wetland observed during field research in the Park; and the Canada thistle herbaceous alliance is too small to be interpreted on aerial photos and has several observation forms reporting occurrences in the Park. Unknown AA data, including limited habitat and vegetation data, was recorded on field forms to document the classification decision made by the investigator. All AA data were collected during July 1998. The weather at this time was unusually warm and vegetation readily identifiable except where it was heavily grazed. AA data were collected as shown in Figure 3-5 with more points collected within extensive types, e.g., AA points were collected proportional to the size of the plant association/map class within the Park. Accuracy assessment of the THRO project area was conducted in January 2000. This involved entering all accuracy data points into a coverage and overlaying these electronically on final vegetation maps (quarter-quads). AA point (identification) numbers plotted alongside each point allowed for comparison with accuracy assessment data forms. A contingency table was set up to record the reference data (collected field data) versus the sample data (vegetation map) for each map unit. The UTM coordinates and elevation of all plots were logged using a hand-held Precision Lightweight Global Positioning System (GPS) Receiver (PLGR) unit. Field None front-loading Kappa Index The accuracy assessment (AA) for THRO vegetation mapping analyses consisted of preliminary planning and discussion, logistical planning, fieldwork, analysis of fieldwork, and computation of final results. Preliminary planning involved RSGIG and Dr. Jack Butler (Plant Ecologist hired by TNC and responsible for collecting the field AA data). Following detailed discussion, a modified accuracy assessment procedure dubbed ?front-loading? (Owens 1998) was selected using protocols outlined in the Accuracy Assessment Procedures (TNC 1994). The following guidelines for this procedure were adopted at this time: Observations of vegetation classes were to be ground-based. Ground sampling techniques were to be similar to the Observation Points collected during initial classification. The number of samples per plant association/map class would vary depending on abundance of the class upon the landscape. Logistical planning for the AA revolved around access to work areas within the Park. The actual assessment was begun prior to completion of preliminary vegetation maps for the Park, thus the front-loading aspect of the study. A maximum number of points to be collected was not assigned, so that the Park could be sampled as completely as possible. Assessment was performed within Park boundaries and data points were not limited to the previously described gradsects, but rather were located based on availability of access and to a lesser extent, time constraints. Selecting random AA sampling sites beforehand was deemed unnecessary due to familiarity of the principal researcher with vegetation types and distribution at THRO. The final points chosen for assessment were selected to be as representative as possible of the vegetation in the immediate area, well away from stand boundaries, and in a stand larger than the minimum mapping unit (exceptions were made for emergent wetland, scoria and bentonite exposures, and some exotic species classes which rarely exceeded 0.5 hectares in size). Field ecologists were supplied with a vegetation key, to be used to determine plant associations/map classes to enter on the field form. The field form used for the AA was a modified version of the observation point form (Appendix E). AA data, including limited habitat and vegetation data, was recorded on field forms to document the classification decision made by the investigator. All AA data were collected during July 1998. The weather at this time was unusually warm and vegetation readily identifiable except where it was heavily grazed. AA data were collected as shown in Figure 3-5 with more points collected within extensive types, e.g., AA points were collected proportional to the size of the plant association/map class within the Park. Accuracy assessment of the THRO project area was conducted in January 2000. This involved entering all accuracy data points into a coverage and overlaying these electronically on final vegetation maps (quarter-quads). AA point (identification) numbers plotted alongside each point allowed for comparison with accuracy assessment data forms. A contingency table was set up to record the reference data (collected field data) versus the sample data (vegetation map) for each map unit. Remote Sensing and GIS Group, Technical Service Center, US Bureau of Reclamation, MC-D8260, POB 25007, Denver CO 80225 1998 Report Denver, Colorado USGS-BRD, Center for Biological Informatics Prepared for: United States Department of Interior National Biological Survey and National Park Service Prepared by: Environmental Systems Research Institute 380 New York Street Redlands, California 92373 National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis University of California 3510 Phelps Hall Santa Barbara, California 93106 The Nature Conservancy 1815 N. Lynn Street Arlington, Virginia 22209 http://www1.usgs.gov/vip/standards/NPSVI_Accuracy_Assessment_Guidelines_ver2.pdf AA data were collected as shown in Figure 3-5 with more points collected within extensive types, e.g., AA points were collected proportional to the size of the plant association/map class within the Park. Accuracy assessment of the THRO project area was conducted in January 2000. This involved entering all accuracy data points into a coverage and overlaying these electronically on final vegetation maps (quarter-quads). AA point (identification) numbers plotted alongside each point allowed for comparison with accuracy assessment data forms. A contingency table was set up to record the reference data (collected field data) versus the sample data (vegetation map) for each map unit. Errors of commission (i.e. user?s errors) for each class were calculated by dividing the number of correctly classified samples by the total number of samples that were classified as belonging to that map class. Errors of omission (i.e. producer?s errors) for each class were calculated by dividing the number of samples that were classified correctly by the total number of reference samples in that class. Confidence intervals for each map class were calculated using one of the methods shown in Table 3-1. depending on the normality and size of the data. Overall total accuracy for THRO is calculated across all sampled map classes by dividing the number of correctly classified accuracy points by the total number of accuracy points. Confidence intervals for overall total accuracy were calculated using the equation for normally distributed data (see Table 3-1). A Kappa Index (Foody 1992 in Accuracy Assessment Procedures, TNC, 1994) was used to help account for any correct classification due to chance. A total of 346 accuracy assessment points were used to assess the THRO vegetation map by: using AA points collected during the summer of 1998 (front-loading method); entering AA point coordinates into an electronic format to overlay on the vegetation map; comparing map vegetation classification (transferred from photo interpretation) with field assessment of vegetation type to determine errors of omission and commission; resolving questions by referring to original data forms, so that Dr. Butler could make the final determination; and recording all information on the AA matrix (Table 4-3). Overall, initial accuracy of the vegetation map is 74.3% for all vegetation classes and the Kappa Index is 71.3%. The specific results are presented in Tables 4-2 and 4-3 below. Confidence interval calculations are presented in Appendix O. In general, the percentage of the Park that an individual map class covered is reflected in the number of AA points collected for that type. For example, needle-and-thread herbaceous alliance was interpreted for approximately 33% of the Park and is represented by 28% of the AA points, and the badlands sparse vegetation complex was interpreted for approximately 20% of the Park and is represented by 14% of the AA points. Similarly, the prairie dog town complex was interpreted for approximately 2% of the Park and is represented by 1.7% of the AA points. However, several map classes are sampled with a larger number of AA points relative to their actual percent abundance/ground cover. For example: the silver buffaloberry shrubland alliance covers 0.1 % of the park and is represented by 2.6% of the AA points; the little bluestem - sideoats grama herbaceous alliance covers 0.3 % and is represented by 3.5% of the AA points; and the prairie sandreed herbaceous alliance covers 0.2 % and is represented by 2.3% of the AA points. Four map classes were not sampled as follows: the ponderosa pine woodland alliance does not occur within Park boundaries and is well-represented by plot and observation data; the quaking aspen woodland alliance has a plot and/or observation form for every stand known to occur in the Park and no additional stands were observed; the emergent wetland class is too small to be interpreted on aerial photos and has an observation form for every wetland observed during field research in the Park; and the Canada thistle herbaceous alliance is too small to be interpreted on aerial photos and has several observation forms reporting occurrences in the Park. 199909 Point Entity point 352 Universal Transverse Mercator 13 0.999600 -105.000000 0.000000 500000.000000 0.000000 coordinate pair 1 1 meters North American Datum of 1983 Geodedic Reference System 80 6378137.000000 298.257222 throaa Shapefile attribute table BOR FID Internal feature number. ESRI Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Shape Feature geometry. ESRI. Coordinates defining the features. AREA Area of feature in internal units squared. ESRI. Area is always zero for point coverages. Values are automatically generated. PERIMETER Perimeter of feature in internal units. ESRI. Perimeter is always zero for point coverages. Values are automatically generated. AA_ Internal feature number. ESRI. Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. THRO_AA Accuracy assessment site number. BOR Accuracy assessment number. PROV_NAME Code Provisional Comunity Name. BOR Provisional community name code. CLASS_NAME Classified Plant Associaiton Name NatureServe Textual class name. LOC_CODE Location of the AA Point BOR Project-derived location descriptions providing AA point location. QUAD Name of the USGS Quadrangle that the Point is on BOR USGS Quadrangle name. GPS_TECH Internal GPS File Name BOR Numerical GPS file name. X_EASTING Easting coordinate of site location. BOR Easting coordinate. Y_NORTHING Northing coordinate of site location. BOR Northing coordinate. DATE Date of Data Collection BOR Numerical of the date the plot was observed. SURVEYORS Names of the Surveyors Who Collected the Data BOR Textual surveyors last name. ELEVATION Elevation of the Point as Recorded by the GPS Unit BOR Numerical elevation. SLOPE Degree of Slope in the Plot BOR Textual of slope type. ASPECT General Aspect of the Plot in Degrees BOR Textual of aspect type. TOPO_POS General Position of the Plot on the Landscape BOR Textual of topology position type description. LANDFORM General Landform that the Plot Occurs On BOR Textual of landform description. COWARDIN General Wetland Description BOR Textual cowardin classification description. PHENOLOGY Phenology in the Plot BOR Textual of leaf phenology type description. LEAF_TYPE General Leaf Type BOR Textual of leaf type description. PHYSIO Physiognomic Description BOR Textual of physiology class type description. COMMENTS General Comments About the Data Collection BOR Textual comments description of collected data. UPDATE Date of any revisions to the record. BOR Numerical of the date. USER Names of the User's Who Revised the Data BOR Textual user's initials. POLYGONID Unknown field created by originator but not documented. BOR Numerical. SCALE Unknown field created by originator but not documented. BOR Numerical. ANGLE Unknown field created by originator but not documented. BOR Numerical. Information collected for Accuracy Assessment included: Plot Number Park Code Date Observer(s) Datum Accuracy UTM Coordinates: Easting Northing UTM Zone 9. Offset from Point: Easting (in meters) Northing (in meters) Topographic Description Elevation Aspect Veg Assoc. at Site Veg Assoc. 2 within 50m of Site Veg Assoc. 3 within 50m of Site Major Species Present (by strata) Canopy Closure of Top Layer Rationale for Classification Comments See: Accuracy Assessment Field Form: http://www1.usgs.gov/vip/thro/throrpt.pdf Mapping totals for area and quantity of polygons. http://www1.usgs.gov/vip/thro/throrpt.pdf Summary of AA Results for Theodore Roosevelt National Park, by map class. http://www1.usgs.gov/vip/thro/throrpt.pdf Contingency table (error matrix) for THRO vegetation mapping accuracy assessment. http://www1.usgs.gov/vip/thro/thro_aamatrix.xls The map codes as described in Appendix K: http://www1.usgs.gov/vip/thro/throrpt.pdf USGS/CSS/Core Science Analytics and Synthesis USGS-NPS Vegetation Characterization Program Coordinator mailing and physical address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, MS 302

Denver Colorado 80225 (303) 202-4220 303-202-4219 gs-b-npsveg@usgs.gov Downloadable Data. Theodore Roosevelt National Park Accuracy Assessment Data The U.S. Geological Survey and the National Park Service shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. These data and related graphics (if available) are not legal documents and are not intended to be used as such. The information contained in these data is dynamic and may change over time. The data are not better than the original sources from which they were derived. It is the responsibility of the data user to use the data appropriately and consistent within the limitations of geospatial data in general and these data in particular. Any related graphics (if available) are intended to aid the data user in acquiring relevant data; it is not approriate to use the related graphics as data. The U.S. Geological Survey and the National Park Service gives no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of these data. It is strongly recommended that these data are directly acquired from an U.S. Geological Survey and National Park Service servers and not indirectly through other sources which may have changed the data in some way. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the utility of the data on another system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. This disclaimer applies both to individual use of the data and aggregate use with other data. It is also strongly recommended that careful attention be paid to the contents of the metadata file associated with these data. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this metadata report does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the U. S. Department of the Interior, U. S. Geological Survey and National Park Service. HTML http://www.usgs.gov/core_science_systems/csas/vip/parks/thro.html Internet Access None 200001 20100616 USGS/CSS/Core Science Analytics and Synthesis USGS-NPS Vegetation Characterization Program Coordinator mailing and physical address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, MS 302

Denver Colorado 80225 (303) 202-4220 303-202-4219 gs-b-npsveg@usgs.gov FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001.1-1999 http://www.usgs.gov/core_science_systems/csas/metadata/index.html