John Young, USGS Leetown Science Center 20090313 2.0a raster digital data vegetation map updates version 2.0a Leetown, West Virginia US Geological Survey http://www1.usgs.gov/vip/shen/shen2a.zip John Young, USGS Leetown Science Center 2009 Unknown 2.0 report doi:10.5066/F7MW2F43 This map depicts 35 USNVC vegetation association classes for Shenandoah National Park developed from AVIRIS hyperspectral imagery, ASTER multispectral imagery and topographic modeling (version 2.0a). The overall accuracy of this map is 48.9% as determined by 703 accuracy assessment field plots. The purpose of this map is to assess vegetation distribution in Shenandoah National Park. none 200005 200211 ground condition Complete As needed Shenandoah National Park and environs -78.859601 -78.147049 38.923732 38.019320 GEMET vegetation USNVC association environmental gradient AVIRIS ASTER National Park Service Theme Category Thesaurus vegetation ISO 19115 Topic Category environment None vegetation map vegetation classification vegetation association vegetation alliance vegetation formation National Park Service National Park System Unit Name Thesaurus Shenandoah National Park National Park System Unit Code Thesaurus SHEN None Standardized National Vegetation Classification System vegetation classification alliance community association Kingdom Plantae none none USGS Leetown Science Center John Young Research Biologist (Landscape Ecology/GIS) mailing address

11649 Leetown Road

Kearneysville WV 25430 USA 304-724-4469 304-724-4465 jyoung@usgs.gov 8am-4pm send email http://www1.usgs.gov/vip/shen/shenvegmap_cd.pdf Vegetation map, central district; low resolution for web browsing. PDF http://www1.usgs.gov/vip/shen/shenvegmap_nd.pdf Vegetation map, north district; low resolution for web browsing. PDF http://www1.usgs.gov/vip/shen/shenvegmap_sd.pdf Vegetation map, south district; low resolution for web browsing. PDF John Young, USGS Leetown Science Center Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.1850 The accuracy of the final merged map for Shenandoah National Park was assessed at 703 field points where primary, secondary, and tertiary calls were made by field crews assigning ground vegetation to vegetation community types using a dichotomous vegetation key. Plots were allocated by vegetation class proportional to map class area. Considering only primary calls in a discrete accuracy assessment arrayed in a confusion matrix, overall accuracy of the map is 48.9%, average user's accuracy is 50.5% and average producer's accuracy is 55.9%. Considering primary, secondary, and tertiary field calls, accuracy of the map is 54.8%, average user's accuracy is 62.3%, and average producer's accuracy is 76.9%. Data was developed from 4 image sources: AVIRIS May 2000, AVIRIS July 2001, ASTER September 2002, ASTER November 2002. Data source used for each pixel depended on availability of imagery and maximum probability of predicted class. Probablilites for class membership came first from AVIRIS imagery, then from ASTER. Where ASTER data was used to fill in areas not imaged by the AVIRIS sensor, inconsistencies in the classification may result. Data is complete, no updates planned 17 meter grid cells N/A NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Unknown remote-sensing image http://aviris.jpl.nasa.gov/ 62500 CD-ROM 200005 200107 200210 200211 ground condition AVIRIS hyperspectral imagery image interpretation NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Unknown remote-sensing image http://asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/ 62500 online 20020906 20020524 20020913 20041105 ground condition ASTER image interpretation USGS Unknown raster digital data http://ned.usgs.gov/ 24000 online unknown publication date NED topographic models AVIRIS images were corrected for atmospheric effects, converted to reflectance, and referenced to UTM map coordinates. Unknown AVIRIS images were corrected for cloud cover, and transformed to a reduced set of 34 minimum noise fraction images to rduce data redundancy and emphasize image signal content over noise. Unknown ASTER images converted to reflectance, corrected for atmospheric effects, and georegistered. Unknown Image spectral responses were extracted from the hyperspectral and multispectral images for an area surrounding each of 1160 vegetation training plot locations mapped in the field using GPS coordinates. 2008 Maximum entropy modeling was used to predict vegetation class distributions from the set of image and topographic variables for 34 vegetation association classes defined by Va. Natural Heritage. 2008 Maxent predicted association distribution maps were converted into probability values of class membership for each map pixel. 2008 Probablility maps for each class were generalized using a focal mean operation to reduce erroneous pixels (speckle). 2008 Probability maps for each class for each image set were merged. The final model mapped each pixel to the class with the highest probability of membership. 2008 Raster Grid Cell 5814 3502 Universal Transverse Mercator 17 0.999600 -81.000000 0.000000 500000.000000 0.000000 row and column 17.000000 17.000000 meters North American Datum of 1983 Geodetic Reference System 80 6378137.000000 298.257222 North American Vertical Datum of 1988 2.4m meters Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates snpveg2a.vat ESRI GRID attribute table ESRI Rowid Internal feature number. ESRI Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. 200005 200211 VALUE vegetation map class Grossman, D.H., D. Faber-Langendoen, A.S. Weakley, M. Anderson, P. Bourgeron, R. Crawford, K. Goodin, S. Landaal, K. Metzler, K. Patterson, M. Pyne, M. Reid, and L. Sneddon. 1998. International classification of ecological communities: terrestrial vegetation of the United States. Volume I. The national vegetation classification system: development, status, and applications. The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, Virginia. 101 F1 (CEGL004996) Central Appalachian Pine - Oak / Heath Woodland USNVC 102 F2 (CEGL006565) Sweet Birch- Chestnut Oak -Talus Woodland USNVC 103 F3 (CEGL006299) Central Appalachian / Northern Piedmont Chestnut Oak Forest USNVC 104 F4 (CEGL008521) Low Elevation Mixed Oak / Heath Forest USNVC 105 F5 (CEGL006057) Central Appalachian Dry-Mesic Chestnut Oak - Northern Red Oak Forest USNVC 107 F7 (CEGL008502) Central Appalachian Northern Hardwood Forest USNVC 108 F8 (CEGL006109) Hemlock - Northern Hardwood Forest USNVC 109 F9 (CEGL008506) Northern Red Oak Forest (Pennsylvania Sedge - Wavy Hairgrass Type) USNVC 110 F10 (CEGL007710) Southern Appalachian Cove Forest (Typic Montane Type) USNVC 111 F11 (CEGL006255) Northern Blue Ridge Montane Alluvial Forest USNVC 112 F12 (CEGL006304) Central Appalachian Acidic Cove Forest (White Pine - Hemlock- Mixed Hardwoods Type) USNVC 113 F13 (CEGL007220) Successional Tuliptree Forest (Circumneutral Type) USNVC 114 F14 (CEGL008528) Central Appalachian Basic Boulderfield Forest USNVC 115 F15 (CEGL006237) Central Appalachian Rich Cove Forest USNVC 116 F16 (CEGL008518) Central Appalachian Montane Oak - Hickory Forest (Basic Type) USNVC 117 F17 (CEGL008516) Central Appalachian Montane Oak - Hickory Forest (Acidic Type) USNVC 118 F18 (CEGL008515) Central Appalachian Acidic Oak - Hickory Forest USNVC 119 F19 (CEGL008514) Central Appalachian Basic Oak - Hickory Forest (Submontane / Foothills Type) USNVC 121 F21 (CEGL006599) Northeastern Modified Successional Forest USNVC 122 F22 (CEGL002591) Virginia Pine Successional Forest USNVC 123 F23 (CEGL008523) Central Appalachian Dry Chestnut Oak - Northern Red Oak/Heath Forest USNVC 124 F24 (CEGL008512) Central Appalachian Acidic Cove Forest (Hemlock - Hardwood / Mountain-Laurel Type) USNVC 301 O1 (CEGL008536) High-Elevation Greenstone Barren USNVC 302 O2 (CEGL003939) Central Appalachian Heath Barren USNVC 303 O3 (CEGL8508) High-Elevation Outcrop Barren (Black Chokeberry Igneous / Metamorphic Type) USNVC 304 O4 (CEGL008504) Central Appalachian High-Elevation Boulderfield Forest USNVC 305 O5 (CEGL003683) Central Appalachian Basic Woodland USNVC 306 O6 (CEGL008529) Central Appalachian Mafic Barren (Ninebark / Pennsylvania Sedge Type) USNVC 307 O7 (CEGL006037) Central Appalachian Circumneutral Barren USNVC 308 O8 (CEGL008540) Central Appalachian Xeric Cestnut Oak - Virginia Pine Woodland USNVC 309 O9 (CEGL004142) Central Appalachian Acidic Boulderfield USNVC 310 O10 (CEGL004143) Central Appalachian Mafic Boulderfield USNVC 401 W1 (CEGL006249) Northern Blue Ridge Mafic Fen USNVC 991 M1- Catastrophically Disturbed Forest USNVC 992 M2 - Cultural Meadow USNVC COUNT count of cells in each vegetation type USGS-Leetown Science Center 30 405216 OID_ Object ID ArcInfo Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. MAPNUM Map class number representing vegetation community prior to assigning CEGL number USGS-Leetown Science Center Numbers generated to represent vegetation communities prior to assigning CEGL numbers MAPCODE Map code representing vegetation community prior to assigning CEGL number USGS-Leetown Science Center Codes generated to represent vegetation communities prior to assigning CEGL numbers ASSOC_CODE Unique identification code for the vegetation Association defined in the U.S. National Vegetation Classification System (USNVC). Code is the standard Global Element Code from Natureserve Central Databases. USGS-Leetown Science Center NVC Identifier USNVC: NatureServe. 2008. International Ecological Classification Standard: Terrestrial Ecological Classifications. NatureServe Central Databases. Arlington, VA. U.S.A. Data current as of 11 March 2008. LOCAL_NAME Common, park-specific name assigned to the vegetation map class USGS-Leetown Science Center Common Name (Park-specific) NatureServe1. 2008. U.S. National Vegetation Classification. Shenandoah National Park. NatureServe Central Databases. Arlington, VA. Data current as of 11 March 2008. ASSOC_SCI Association scientific name USGS-Leetown Science Center Association USNVC: NatureServe. 2008. International Ecological Classification Standard: Terrestrial Ecological Classifications. NatureServe Central Databases. Arlington, VA. U.S.A. Data current as of 11 March 2008. ASSOC_ENG Association name with Latin names translated to English USGS-Leetown Science Center Association (English name) USNVC: NatureServe. 2008. International Ecological Classification Standard: Terrestrial Ecological Classifications. NatureServe Central Databases. Arlington, VA. U.S.A. Data current as of 11 March 2008. FORM_CODE Unique identification code for the vegetation Formation defined in the U.S. National Vegetation Classification System (USNVC). USGS-Leetown Science Center Formation code USNVC: NatureServe. 2008. International Ecological Classification Standard: Terrestrial Ecological Classifications. NatureServe Central Databases. Arlington, VA. U.S.A. Data current as of 11 March 2008. FORM_NAME Formation name USGS-Leetown Science Center Formation USNVC: NatureServe. 2008. International Ecological Classification Standard: Terrestrial Ecological Classifications. NatureServe Central Databases. Arlington, VA. U.S.A. Data current as of 11 March 2008. ALLIAN_COD Unique identification code for the vegetation Alliance defined in the U.S. National Vegetation Classification System (USNVC). USGS-Leetown Science Center Alliance code USNVC: NatureServe. 2008. International Ecological Classification Standard: Terrestrial Ecological Classifications. NatureServe Central Databases. Arlington, VA. U.S.A. Data current as of 11 March 2008. ALLIAN_NAM Alliance scientific name USGS-Leetown Science Center Alliance USNVC: NatureServe. 2008. International Ecological Classification Standard: Terrestrial Ecological Classifications. NatureServe Central Databases. Arlington, VA. U.S.A. Data current as of 11 March 2008. ALLIAN_ENG Alliance name with Latin names translated to English USGS-Leetown Science Center Alliance (English name) USNVC: NatureServe. 2008. International Ecological Classification Standard: Terrestrial Ecological Classifications. NatureServe Central Databases. Arlington, VA. U.S.A. Data current as of 11 March 2008. value codes of grid represent different vegetation associations Young, John, Gary Fleming, Wendy Cass, Chris Lea. March 2009. Vegetation of Shenandoah National Park in Relation to Environmental Gradients, Version 2.0. USGS/CSS/Core Science Analytics and Synthesis USGS-NPS Vegetation Characterization Program Coordinator mailing and physical address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, MS 302

Denver Colorado 80225 (303) 202-4220 303-202-4219 gs-b-npsveg@usgs.gov Downloadable Data The U.S. Geological Survey and the National Park Service shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. These data and related graphics (if available) are not legal documents and are not intended to be used as such. The information contained in these data is dynamic and may change over time. The data are not better than the original sources from which they were derived. It is the responsibility of the data user to use the data appropriately and consistent within the limitations of geospatial data in general and these data in particular. Any related graphics (if available) are intended to aid the data user in acquiring relevant data; it is not approriate to use the related graphics as data. The U.S. Geological Survey and the National Park Service gives no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of these data. It is strongly recommended that these data are directly acquired from an U.S. Geological Survey and National Park Service servers and not indirectly through other sources which may have changed the data in some way. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the utility of the data on another system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. This disclaimer applies both to individual use of the data and aggregate use with other data. It is also strongly recommended that careful attention be paid to the contents of the metadata file associated with these data. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this metadata report does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the U. S. Department of the Interior, U. S. Geological Survey and National Park Service. HTML http://www.usgs.gov/core_science_systems/csas/vip/parks/shen.html Internet Access None Geographic information system software capable of reading ArcInfo grid format raster files. 20090504 20100513 USGS/CSS/Core Science Analytics and Synthesis USGS-NPS Vegetation Characterization Program Coordinator mailing and physical address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, MS 302

Denver Colorado 80225 (303) 202-4220 303-202-4219 gs-b-npsveg@usgs.gov FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001.1-1999 http://www.usgs.gov/core_science_systems/csas/metadata/index.html